게겐프레싱, 카운터프레싱, Gegenpressing, Counter-Pressing

 

 

보통 영국 축구계에서는 카운터프레싱(Counter-Pressing)이라고 불리는데 이는 독일어의 게겐프레싱(Gegenpressing)을 직역한 용어다. 한국어로 직역하면 역압박이 어울리는 단어. 게겐프레싱은 독일어의 게겐(Gegen)과 영어의 프레싱(pressing)을 합성한 용어다. 게겐프레싱이라는 명칭이 붙은 이유는 독일 축구 코치들이 주로 전략을 개발하고 사용했기 때문이다. 물론 지금은 어느나라든지 효율적으로 이용한다.전방압박(Fore-Checking) 또는 높은 압박(High Pressing) 전술로도 불리는데 정확히 말하면 전방압박과는 구별해야한다. 독일에서 전방 압박은 앙그리프 프레싱으로 따로 구별해서 부른다. 그러므로 전방(前方)이 아닌 전방(全方) 수비 혹은 Gegen을 의역해서 對수비로 부르는게 맞을 듯 하다. 전방 공격수 뿐 아니라 후방 수비수까지 압박수비에 참여하는것이 전방수비와 게겐프레싱의 가장 큰 차이다. 후방에서도 압박이 행해지니 Fore로 범위를 전방으로 한정하는것은 용어만 봐도 정확한 표현이 아니기도 하다 어떤 의미로는 진짜 아이스 하키 시절의 전방 압박에 더 가까워졌다고도 할 수 있지만 축구의 전방수비는 아이스하키시절의 포어채킹과는 용어만 같을 뿐 많은것이 달라졌기때문에 구별하는것이 맞을 듯 하다. 게겐프레싱은 오히려 어디에 더 가깝냐고 하면 두줄수비에 더 가깝다. 전방수비와 다르게 체력적인 문제가 생기는것도 이런 이유였다. 또한 수비수도 압박에 참여하는 것이 게겐프레싱에서 골키퍼가 스위퍼의 역할까지 겸해야하는 가장 큰 이유다, 수비수까지 공을 따라 다니면 후방에 공간이 빌 수밖에 없고, 여기로 롱패스가 들어오면 그걸 걷어 낼 사람은 골키퍼밖에 없기 때문이다. 게겐은 영어의 Against의 의미에 해당하는 '~에 대항해서'의 독일어 전치사이고, 프레싱은 압박이라는 뜻이다. 즉, 게겐프레싱은 상대의 공격에 대항하여 압박을 가하는 것이다. 그렇기 때문에 영국에서는 카운터프레싱으로 불리는 것이다.

 

 

Generally, the term is called "counter-pressing" in the English soccer community, which translates directly into "gegen-pressing" in German. Gegen-pressing is a combination of "gegen" in German and "pressing" in English. The name "gegen-pressing" is coined because German soccer coaches have developed and used strategies. Of course, it is used effectively in any country now. It is also called "forward-checking" or "high-pressing" tactics, which should be distinguished from "forward-pressing." In Germany, forward-pressing is called "angryph pressing" separately. Therefore, it is most likely to be appropriate to refer to the forward defense or "gegen" in translation rather than the forward defense. The biggest difference between forward defense and gegen-pressing is that both the front striker and the rear defender join the compression defense. Limiting the range to Fore to the front is not an accurate expression just by looking at the terminology. In a sense, it can be said that we are closer to the forward pressure in the real ice hockey era, but it is correct to distinguish soccer's front defense because it has the same term as forechacking in ice hockey, but many things have changed. Gegenpressing is rather closer to two-line defense if you ask where it is. This is why physical problems arise unlike front defense. Also, the biggest reason why defenders also participate in pressure is that if the goalkeeper also plays the role of a sweeper in gegenpressing, there will be space in the back if the defender follows the ball, and when the long pass comes in here, the only person who can kick it out is the goalkeeper. Gegen is a German preposition for 'against', which means 'against', in English, and pressing means pressure. In other words, gegenpressing applies pressure against an opponent's attack. This is why it is called counterpressing in England.