인공지능의 단계, 인공지능, stage of AI, AI

인공지능의 단계를 묘사할 때 흔히 사용되는 용어인 약인공지능(weak AI)과 강인공지능(strong AI)은 1980년에 존 설(John R. Searle)교수가 그 유명한 중국어 방 논변을 제안하면서 최초로 사용한 개념이다.

다른 곳의 문서를 보면 인간의 마음을 복잡한 정보처리로 구현한 것을 강한 인공지능, 단순히 인간의 능력 일부를 시뮬레이션 하거나 그런 작업을 목적으로 하는 것을 약한 인공지능이라고 편리하게 설명한다. 그러나 좀 더 정확하게 설명하자면 존 설 교수의 본래 의도는 인간의 마음을 컴퓨터 소프트웨어와 같은 관점으로 보고 행하는 인공지능 연구를 "강한 인공지능 연구", 반대로 인간의 마음과는 별개로 단지 유용한 도구의 개발을 위해 행하는 인공지능 연구를 "약한 인공지능 연구"로 정의하여 철학적 관점에서 인간의 마음을 컴퓨터와 소프트웨어와 같이 보는 연구를 비판하고자 한 것이다.

아무튼 저 개념이 묘하게 현재의 인공지능 개발현황과 의미가 적절히 맞아떨어지다보니 내용을 살짝 비틀어서 대중들에게 알려지게 되었는데 각 연구의 결과물을 그대로 대입하면 된다. 즉,

강인공지능 = 인간을 완벽하게 모방한 인공지능이고
약인공지능 = 유용한 도구로써 설계된 인공지능이라고 보면 된다.

현재까지 나온 인공지능은 모두 약인공지능으로 구분하고 있다.

 

 

Weak AI and strong AI, which are commonly used terms to describe the stages of artificial intelligence, were first used in 1980 by Professor John R. Searle when he proposed the famous Chinese room.

If you look at other documents, it conveniently describes the human mind as a strong artificial intelligence that embodies complex information processing, and weak artificial intelligence that simply simulates some of the human abilities or is intended for such work. To be more precise, however, Professor John Sall's original intention is to criticize the research that sees the human mind from the same perspective as computer software as "strong artificial intelligence research," and on the contrary, the artificial intelligence research that is conducted to develop useful tools independently of the human mind as "weak artificial intelligence research" from a philosophical point of view.

Anyway, the concept strangely matches the current artificial intelligence development status, so the content was slightly twisted and known to the public, but the results of each study can be substituted as it is. In other words,

Strong artificial intelligence = It's an artificial intelligence that perfectly imitates humans
Weak artificial intelligence = It can be seen as an artificial intelligence designed as a useful tool.

All artificial intelligence that has been released so far is classified as weak artificial intelligence.